我们常常会谈论过去发生的事情。
今天可以说 my weekend plan，但如果周末已经过去了，就要说 last weekend。英语里，谈论过去的事情时，动词常常会变成过去式，比如 visit → visited, play → played, watch → watched。
这一节，我们会学习如何用简单英语谈论“上个周末做了什么”。
核心句子
English | 中文 |
How was your weekend? | 你的周末怎么样？ |
It was good. | 很好。 |
It was busy. | 很忙。 |
Last weekend, I visited my grandparents. | 上个周末，我拜访了我的祖父母 / 外祖父母。 |
I stayed at home. | 我待在家里。 |
I watched a movie. | 我看了一部电影。 |
I played outside. | 我在外面玩了。 |
I cleaned my room. | 我打扫了我的房间。 |
I did my homework. | 我做了作业。 |
I went to the park. | 我去了公园。 |
I had dinner with my family. | 我和家人吃了晚饭。 |
I had a good weekend. | 我过了一个很好的周末。 |
1. 上个周末词汇
先学习一些和过去周末有关的基础词汇。
English | 中文 |
last weekend | 上个周末 |
yesterday | 昨天 |
last Saturday | 上个星期六 |
last Sunday | 上个星期天 |
visited | 拜访了 |
stayed | 待了 |
watched | 看了 |
played | 玩了 |
cleaned | 打扫了 |
did | 做了 |
went | 去了 |
had | 有 / 吃了 |
busy | 忙碌的 |
fun | 有趣的 |
tired | 累的 |
注意：
last weekend 的意思是“上个周末”。
它表示已经过去的周末。
English | 中文 |
this weekend | 这个周末 |
next weekend | 下个周末 |
last weekend | 上个周末 |
2. 问“你的周末怎么样？”
想问别人过去的周末怎么样，可以说：
English | 中文 |
How was your weekend? | 你的周末怎么样？ |
Was your weekend good? | 你的周末好吗？ |
Was it fun? | 它有趣吗？ |
What did you do last weekend? | 你上个周末做了什么？ |
Did you have a good weekend? | 你过了一个好周末吗？ |
结构：
English Structure | 中文意思 |
How was your weekend? | 你的周末怎么样？ |
What did you do last weekend? | 你上个周末做了什么？ |
Did you have a good weekend? | 你过了一个好周末吗？ |
例子：
English | 中文 |
How was your weekend? | 你的周末怎么样？ |
It was good. | 很好。 |
What did you do last weekend? | 你上个周末做了什么？ |
I stayed at home. | 我待在家里。 |
注意：
was 是 is 的过去式。 现在说 It is good. 过去说 It was good.
Present | Past | 中文 |
It is good. | It was good. | 它很好。 |
My weekend is fun. | My weekend was fun. | 我的周末很有趣。 |
3. 说“我上个周末……”
说过去周末做了什么，可以用：
English | 中文 |
Last weekend, I stayed at home. | 上个周末，我待在家里。 |
Last weekend, I visited my friend. | 上个周末，我拜访了我的朋友。 |
Last weekend, I watched a movie. | 上个周末，我看了一部电影。 |
Last weekend, I cleaned my room. | 上个周末，我打扫了我的房间。 |
Last weekend, I played outside. | 上个周末，我在外面玩了。 |
结构：
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Last weekend, I + past verb. | 上个周末，我 + 做了某事。 |
Last Saturday, I + past verb. | 上个星期六，我 + 做了某事。 |
Last Sunday, I + past verb. | 上个星期天，我 + 做了某事。 |
例子：
English | 中文 |
Last Saturday, I played soccer. | 上个星期六，我踢了足球。 |
Last Sunday, I watched TV. | 上个星期天，我看了电视。 |
Last weekend, I helped at home. | 上个周末，我在家帮忙了。 |
4. 规则过去式：加 -ed
很多英语动词变成过去式时，会加 -ed。
Present | Past | 中文 |
visit | visited | 拜访 → 拜访了 |
watch | watched | 看 → 看了 |
play | played | 玩 → 玩了 |
clean | cleaned | 打扫 → 打扫了 |
help | helped | 帮助 → 帮助了 |
walk | walked | 走路 → 走了 |
talk | talked | 交谈 → 交谈了 |
stay | stayed | 待 → 待了 |
例子：
English | 中文 |
I visited my grandparents. | 我拜访了我的祖父母 / 外祖父母。 |
I watched a movie. | 我看了一部电影。 |
I played outside. | 我在外面玩了。 |
I cleaned my room. | 我打扫了我的房间。 |
I helped my mother. | 我帮助了我妈妈。 |
注意：
中文里常用“了”表示过去。
英语里常常通过动词过去式表示过去。
Present | Past |
I visit my friend. | I visited my friend. |
I watch a movie. | I watched a movie. |
5. 不规则过去式：did / went / had
有些动词的过去式不是加 -ed，要单独记。
Present | Past | 中文 |
do | did | 做 → 做了 |
go | went | 去 → 去了 |
have | had | 有 / 吃 → 有了 / 吃了 |
see | saw | 看见 → 看见了 |
eat | ate | 吃 → 吃了 |
drink | drank | 喝 → 喝了 |
例子：
English | 中文 |
I did my homework. | 我做了作业。 |
I went to the park. | 我去了公园。 |
I had dinner with my family. | 我和家人吃了晚饭。 |
I saw my friend. | 我看见了我的朋友。 |
I ate noodles. | 我吃了面条。 |
注意：
go 的过去式是 went，不是 goed。
Wrong | Correct | 中文 |
I goed to the park. | I went to the park. | 我去了公园。 |
6. 待在家里
有时候，周末不出去，也可以很好。
English | 中文 |
I stayed at home. | 我待在家里。 |
I rested at home. | 我在家休息了。 |
I watched TV. | 我看了电视。 |
I read a book. | 我读了一本书。 |
I listened to music. | 我听了音乐。 |
结构：
English Structure | 中文意思 |
I stayed at home. | 我待在家里。 |
I rested at home. | 我在家休息了。 |
I watched + noun. | 我看了 + 名词。 |
I listened to + noun. | 我听了 + 名词。 |
例子：
English | 中文 |
Last weekend, I stayed at home. | 上个周末，我待在家里。 |
I watched a movie with my family. | 我和家人看了一部电影。 |
I listened to music in my room. | 我在房间里听了音乐。 |
I rested on Sunday. | 我星期天休息了。 |
7. 去某个地方
如果周末去了某个地方，可以用 went to…
English | 中文 |
I went to the park. | 我去了公园。 |
I went to the library. | 我去了图书馆。 |
I went to the store. | 我去了商店。 |
I went to my friend’s house. | 我去了朋友家。 |
I went to school. | 我去了学校。 |
结构：
English Structure | 中文意思 |
I went to + place. | 我去了 + 地方。 |
I went to my friend’s house. | 我去了我朋友家。 |
例子：
English | 中文 |
Last Saturday, I went to the park. | 上个星期六，我去了公园。 |
Last Sunday, I went to the library. | 上个星期天，我去了图书馆。 |
I went to the store with my mother. | 我和妈妈去了商店。 |
I went to my friend’s house. | 我去了朋友家。 |
注意：
说“去某地”，过去用 went to。
Present | Past | 中文 |
I go to the park. | I went to the park. | 我去 / 去了公园。 |
8. 描述周末感觉
说完做了什么，可以说周末感觉怎么样。
English | 中文 |
It was good. | 它很好。 |
It was fun. | 它很有趣。 |
It was busy. | 它很忙。 |
It was quiet. | 它很安静。 |
I was tired. | 我很累。 |
I was happy. | 我很开心。 |
结构：
English Structure | 中文意思 |
It was + adjective. | 它很 + 形容词。 |
I was + adjective. | 我很 + 形容词。 |
My weekend was + adjective. | 我的周末很 + 形容词。 |
例子：
English | 中文 |
My weekend was fun. | 我的周末很有趣。 |
My weekend was busy. | 我的周末很忙。 |
I was tired, but happy. | 我很累，但是很开心。 |
It was a good weekend. | 那是一个很好的周末。 |
注意：
现在说 I am happy. 过去说 I was happy.
Present | Past | 中文 |
I am happy. | I was happy. | 我开心 / 我那时开心。 |
I am tired. | I was tired. | 我累 / 我那时累。 |
9. 问别人上周末做了什么
和朋友聊天时，可以这样问：
English | 中文 |
What did you do last weekend? | 你上个周末做了什么？ |
Did you go to the park? | 你去了公园吗？ |
Did you visit your friend? | 你拜访了你的朋友吗？ |
Did you watch a movie? | 你看电影了吗？ |
Did you have fun? | 你玩得开心吗？ |
结构：
English Structure | 中文意思 |
What did you do last weekend? | 你上个周末做了什么？ |
Did you + verb? | 你做了某事吗？ |
Did you have fun? | 你玩得开心吗？ |
回答：
English | 中文 |
Yes, I did. | 是的，我做了。 |
No, I didn’t. | 不，我没有。 |
Yes, I went to the park. | 是的，我去了公园。 |
No, I stayed at home. | 不，我待在家里。 |
注意：
问句里有 did 时，后面的动词用原形。
Wrong | Correct | 中文 |
Did you went to the park? | Did you go to the park? | 你去了公园吗？ |
Did you watched a movie? | Did you watch a movie? | 你看电影了吗？ |
重点结构
English Structure | 中文意思 |
How was your weekend? | 你的周末怎么样？ |
It was good. | 很好。 |
What did you do last weekend? | 你上个周末做了什么？ |
Last weekend, I visited my grandparents. | 上个周末，我拜访了我的祖父母 / 外祖父母。 |
I stayed at home. | 我待在家里。 |
I watched a movie. | 我看了一部电影。 |
I did my homework. | 我做了作业。 |
I went to the park. | 我去了公园。 |
I had dinner with my family. | 我和家人吃了晚饭。 |
I had a good weekend. | 我过了一个很好的周末。 |
小对话
English | 中文 |
A: How was your weekend? | A：你的周末怎么样？ |
B: It was good. | B：很好。 |
A: What did you do last weekend? | A：你上个周末做了什么？ |
B: I visited my grandparents. | B：我拜访了我的祖父母 / 外祖父母。 |
A: Did you have fun? | A：你玩得开心吗？ |
B: Yes, I did. | B：是的，很开心。 |
A: Were you tired? | A：你累吗？ |
B: Yes, I was tired, but happy. | B：是的，我很累，但是很开心。 |
开口练习
请大声读下面的句子。
English | 中文 |
How was your weekend? | 你的周末怎么样？ |
It was good. | 很好。 |
What did you do last weekend? | 你上个周末做了什么？ |
I stayed at home. | 我待在家里。 |
I watched a movie. | 我看了一部电影。 |
I did my homework. | 我做了作业。 |
I went to the park. | 我去了公园。 |
I had a good weekend. | 我过了一个很好的周末。 |
现在用你自己的情况练习：
English | 中文 |
Last weekend, I _____. | 上个周末，我_____。 |
I visited _____. | 我拜访了_____。 |
I watched _____. | 我看了_____。 |
I went to _____. | 我去了_____。 |
I did my _____. | 我做了我的_____。 |
My weekend was _____. | 我的周末很_____。 |
I was _____, but _____. | 我很_____，但是_____。 |
本节小结
在这一节，你学会了如何用英语谈论上个周末。
你现在应该能说：
English | 中文 |
How was your weekend? | 你的周末怎么样？ |
What did you do last weekend? | 你上个周末做了什么？ |
I stayed at home. | 我待在家里。 |
I watched a movie. | 我看了一部电影。 |
I went to the park. | 我去了公园。 |
I had a good weekend. | 我过了一个很好的周末。 |
过去的周末已经走进时间后面的小房间。
但有了 visited, watched, did, went, had，你就可以把它重新请出来，用英语说给别人听。