在陌生的地方,我们常常需要问路。
问路不只是说“Where is…?”。在商场、学校、机场、车站或街上,如果想更礼貌,可以说:Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? 意思是“你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗?”
这一节,我们会学习如何礼貌问路、询问信息,以及听懂别人给出的方向。
核心句子
English | 中文 |
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? | 你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? |
Excuse me. | 打扰一下。 |
Where are the restrooms? | 洗手间在哪里? |
Do you know where the library is? | 你知道图书馆在哪里吗? |
Could you tell me how to get to the bank? | 你能告诉我怎么去银行吗? |
Go straight. | 直走。 |
Turn left. | 向左转。 |
Turn right. | 向右转。 |
It is next to the bookstore. | 它在书店旁边。 |
It is across from the park. | 它在公园对面。 |
It is on your left. | 它在你的左边。 |
Thank you for your help. | 谢谢你的帮助。 |
1. 地点词汇
先学习一些常见地点。
English | 中文 |
restroom | 洗手间 |
bathroom | 洗手间 / 浴室 |
toilet | 厕所 |
library | 图书馆 |
bookstore | 书店 |
bank | 银行 |
post office | 邮局 |
supermarket | 超市 |
restaurant | 餐厅 |
hospital | 医院 |
school | 学校 |
park | 公园 |
station | 车站 |
airport | 机场 |
information desk | 服务台 / 咨询台 |
注意:
在美国英语里,公共场所的“洗手间”常说 restroom 或 bathroom。toilet 更直接,有些场合听起来不够委婉。
English | 中文 |
Where is the restroom? | 洗手间在哪里? |
Where is the bathroom? | 洗手间在哪里? |
2. 礼貌开头:Excuse me
问路前,常用 Excuse me。
English | 中文 |
Excuse me. | 打扰一下。 |
Excuse me, where is the restroom? | 打扰一下,洗手间在哪里? |
Excuse me, can you help me? | 打扰一下,你能帮我吗? |
Excuse me, I’m looking for the library. | 打扰一下,我在找图书馆。 |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Excuse me, + question. | 打扰一下,+ 问题。 |
I’m looking for + place. | 我在找……。 |
Can you help me? | 你能帮我吗? |
例子:
English | 中文 |
Excuse me, I’m looking for the bank. | 打扰一下,我在找银行。 |
Excuse me, can you help me? | 打扰一下,你能帮我吗? |
Excuse me, where is the information desk? | 打扰一下,咨询台在哪里? |
注意:
Excuse me 用在打扰别人之前。Sorry 更多用在做错事或表达歉意时。
3. 直接问路:Where is / Where are
最简单的问路句型是 Where is…?
English | 中文 |
Where is the restroom? | 洗手间在哪里? |
Where is the library? | 图书馆在哪里? |
Where is the bank? | 银行在哪里? |
Where are the restrooms? | 洗手间在哪里? |
Where are the elevators? | 电梯在哪里? |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Where is + singular noun? | 单数地点在哪里? |
Where are + plural noun? | 复数地点在哪里? |
例子:
English | 中文 |
Where is the bookstore? | 书店在哪里? |
Where is the post office? | 邮局在哪里? |
Where are the stairs? | 楼梯在哪里? |
Where are the restrooms? | 洗手间在哪里? |
注意:
restrooms 是复数,所以用 are。 但口语里也常听到 Where is the restroom?,表示“洗手间区域在哪里?”
4. 更礼貌地问:Could you please…?
更礼貌的问法可以用 Could you please…?
English | 中文 |
Could you please help me? | 你能帮我吗? |
Could you please tell me the way? | 你能告诉我路吗? |
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? | 你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? |
Could you please tell me how to get to the library? | 你能告诉我怎么去图书馆吗? |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Could you please + verb? | 你能不能请……? |
Could you please tell me + information? | 你能告诉我……吗? |
Could you please tell me how to get to + place? | 你能告诉我怎么去……吗? |
例子:
English | 中文 |
Could you please tell me where the bank is? | 你能告诉我银行在哪里吗? |
Could you please tell me how to get to the station? | 你能告诉我怎么去车站吗? |
Could you please show me the way? | 你能给我指路吗? |
注意:
Could you please…? 比 Where is…? 更礼貌。 在不熟的人面前,它像给问题穿上了一件整洁的外套。
5. 重要语法:间接疑问句
这一课最重要的语法是 间接疑问句。
直接问题:
Direct Question | 中文 |
Where are the restrooms? | 洗手间在哪里? |
Where is the bank? | 银行在哪里? |
How can I get to the library? | 我怎么去图书馆? |
礼貌问法:
Polite Question | 中文 |
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? | 你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? |
Could you please tell me where the bank is? | 你能告诉我银行在哪里吗? |
Could you please tell me how I can get to the library? | 你能告诉我我怎么去图书馆吗? |
注意:
间接疑问句里,后半部分用正常语序。
Direct Question | Polite Question |
Where is the bank? | Could you tell me where the bank is? |
Where are the restrooms? | Could you tell me where the restrooms are? |
What time does the movie start? | Could you tell me what time the movie starts? |
不要说:
Wrong | Correct |
Could you tell me where is the bank? | Could you tell me where the bank is? |
Could you tell me where are the restrooms? | Could you tell me where the restrooms are? |
6. 其他礼貌问法
除了 Could you please tell me…?,还可以这样说:
English | 中文 |
Do you know where the restroom is? | 你知道洗手间在哪里吗? |
Do you know how to get to the bank? | 你知道怎么去银行吗? |
Can you tell me where the library is? | 你能告诉我图书馆在哪里吗? |
I wonder where the bookstore is. | 我想知道书店在哪里。 |
I’m not sure where the station is. | 我不确定车站在哪里。 |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Do you know where + noun + is? | 你知道……在哪里吗? |
Do you know how to get to + place? | 你知道怎么去……吗? |
I wonder where + noun + is. | 我想知道……在哪里。 |
I’m not sure where + noun + is. | 我不确定……在哪里。 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
Do you know where the supermarket is? | 你知道超市在哪里吗? |
Can you tell me how to get to the post office? | 你能告诉我怎么去邮局吗? |
I wonder where the information desk is. | 我想知道咨询台在哪里。 |
7. 听懂方向:go straight / turn left
别人给你指路时,常用这些词。
English | 中文 |
go straight | 直走 |
turn left | 向左转 |
turn right | 向右转 |
go past | 经过 |
cross the street | 过街 |
walk along | 沿着……走 |
on your left | 在你的左边 |
on your right | 在你的右边 |
at the corner | 在拐角处 |
at the traffic lights | 在红绿灯处 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
Go straight. | 直走。 |
Turn left at the corner. | 在拐角处向左转。 |
Turn right at the traffic lights. | 在红绿灯处向右转。 |
The bank is on your right. | 银行在你的右边。 |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Go straight and turn left. | 直走然后左转。 |
Turn right at + place. | 在……处右转。 |
It is on your left / right. | 它在你的左边 / 右边。 |
8. 描述位置:next to / across from
地点之间的位置关系也很重要。
English | 中文 |
next to | 在……旁边 |
near | 在……附近 |
across from | 在……对面 |
between | 在……之间 |
behind | 在……后面 |
in front of | 在……前面 |
on the left | 在左边 |
on the right | 在右边 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
The restroom is next to the bookstore. | 洗手间在书店旁边。 |
The bank is across from the park. | 银行在公园对面。 |
The library is between the school and the post office. | 图书馆在学校和邮局之间。 |
The restaurant is behind the supermarket. | 餐厅在超市后面。 |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Place + is next to + place. | 某地在某地旁边。 |
Place + is across from + place. | 某地在某地对面。 |
Place + is between A and B. | 某地在 A 和 B 之间。 |
Place + is behind + place. | 某地在某地后面。 |
9. 问营业时间和其他信息
在公共场所,也常常需要问时间、价格、服务等信息。
English | 中文 |
Could you tell me when the store opens? | 你能告诉我商店什么时候开门吗? |
Could you tell me when the museum closes? | 你能告诉我博物馆什么时候关门吗? |
Do you know what time the movie starts? | 你知道电影几点开始吗? |
Do you know where I can buy tickets? | 你知道我在哪里买票吗? |
Could you tell me how much it costs? | 你能告诉我它多少钱吗? |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Could you tell me when + sentence? | 你能告诉我什么时候……吗? |
Do you know what time + sentence? | 你知道几点……吗? |
Do you know where I can + verb? | 你知道我在哪里可以……吗? |
Could you tell me how much it costs? | 你能告诉我它多少钱吗? |
例子:
English | 中文 |
Could you tell me when the library opens? | 你能告诉我图书馆什么时候开门吗? |
Do you know what time the bus leaves? | 你知道公交车几点离开吗? |
Do you know where I can get a map? | 你知道我在哪里可以拿地图吗? |
10. 做一个问路对话
这一课可以做一个问路对话项目。
English | 中文 |
Choose a place. | 选择一个地点。 |
Ask for directions politely. | 礼貌地问路。 |
Give clear directions. | 给出清楚的方向。 |
Use location words. | 使用位置词。 |
Say thank you at the end. | 最后说谢谢。 |
对话模板:
English | 中文 |
A: Excuse me. Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? | A:打扰一下,你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? |
B: Sure. Go straight and turn left. | B:当然。直走,然后左转。 |
A: Are they near the bookstore? | A:它们在书店附近吗? |
B: Yes. They are next to the bookstore. | B:是的。它们在书店旁边。 |
A: Thank you for your help. | A:谢谢你的帮助。 |
B: You’re welcome. | B:不客气。 |
另一个例子:
English | 中文 |
A: Excuse me. Do you know where the bank is? | A:打扰一下,你知道银行在哪里吗? |
B: Yes. It is across from the park. | B:知道。它在公园对面。 |
A: How can I get there? | A:我怎么去那里? |
B: Go straight and turn right at the corner. | B:直走,在拐角处右转。 |
A: Thanks a lot. | A:非常感谢。 |
B: No problem. | B:没问题。 |
重点结构
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Excuse me. | 打扰一下。 |
Where are the restrooms? | 洗手间在哪里? |
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? | 你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? |
Do you know where the library is? | 你知道图书馆在哪里吗? |
Could you tell me how to get to the bank? | 你能告诉我怎么去银行吗? |
Go straight. | 直走。 |
Turn left / right. | 左转 / 右转。 |
It is next to the bookstore. | 它在书店旁边。 |
It is across from the park. | 它在公园对面。 |
Thank you for your help. | 谢谢你的帮助。 |
小对话
English | 中文 |
A: Excuse me. Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? | A:打扰一下,你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? |
B: Sure. They are on the second floor. | B:当然。它们在二楼。 |
A: How can I get there? | A:我怎么去那里? |
B: Go straight and take the elevator. | B:直走,然后坐电梯。 |
A: Are they near the bookstore? | A:它们在书店附近吗? |
B: Yes. They are next to the bookstore. | B:是的。它们在书店旁边。 |
A: Thank you for your help. | A:谢谢你的帮助。 |
B: You’re welcome. | B:不客气。 |
开口练习
请大声读下面的句子。
English | 中文 |
Excuse me. | 打扰一下。 |
Could you please help me? | 你能帮我吗? |
Where are the restrooms? | 洗手间在哪里? |
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? | 你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? |
Do you know where the bank is? | 你知道银行在哪里吗? |
Go straight. | 直走。 |
Turn left. | 左转。 |
It is next to the bookstore. | 它在书店旁边。 |
现在用你自己的情况练习:
English | 中文 |
Excuse me. Could you please tell me where _____ is? | 打扰一下,你能告诉我_____在哪里吗? |
Do you know where _____ is? | 你知道_____在哪里吗? |
Could you tell me how to get to _____? | 你能告诉我怎么去_____吗? |
Go straight and _____. | 直走,然后_____。 |
Turn _____ at the corner. | 在拐角处向_____转。 |
It is next to _____. | 它在_____旁边。 |
It is across from _____. | 它在_____对面。 |
本节小结
在这一节,你学会了如何用英语礼貌问路和询问信息。
你现在应该能说:
English | 中文 |
Excuse me. | 打扰一下。 |
Could you please tell me where the restrooms are? | 你能告诉我洗手间在哪里吗? |
Do you know where the library is? | 你知道图书馆在哪里吗? |
Go straight. | 直走。 |
Turn left. | 左转。 |
It is across from the park. | 它在公园对面。 |
问路不是迷路的失败。
它是一个人走进陌生地方时,向世界轻轻敲门。学会这些句子后,你就可以更礼貌地问路、获取信息,也能听懂别人给你的方向。