运动不只是比赛。
它也可以是每天走路、跑步、打球、游泳、拉伸、锻炼身体。运动让身体更强壮,也让人更有精神。英语里,sports and fitness 的意思是“运动与健康体能”。
这一节可以作为第十四单元第三课:运动与健康体能。
核心句子
English | 中文 |
Sports are good for our health. | 运动对我们的健康有好处。 |
I like playing basketball. | 我喜欢打篮球。 |
I go running every morning. | 我每天早上跑步。 |
She does exercise after school. | 她放学后锻炼。 |
We should stay fit. | 我们应该保持健康强壮。 |
How often do you exercise? | 你多久锻炼一次? |
I exercise three times a week. | 我每周锻炼三次。 |
My favorite sport is soccer. | 我最喜欢的运动是足球。 |
Playing sports helps me relax. | 做运动帮助我放松。 |
Fitness takes time and practice. | 健康体能需要时间和练习。 |
Don’t give up. | 不要放弃。 |
A healthy body helps a healthy mind. | 健康的身体帮助健康的头脑。 |
1. 运动词汇
先学习一些常见运动词汇。
English | 中文 |
sport | 运动 |
sports | 体育运动 |
fitness | 健康体能 |
exercise | 锻炼 / 运动 |
basketball | 篮球 |
soccer | 足球 |
football | 美式橄榄球 / 足球 |
tennis | 网球 |
volleyball | 排球 |
swimming | 游泳 |
running | 跑步 |
cycling | 骑自行车 |
hiking | 徒步 |
yoga | 瑜伽 |
gym | 健身房 |
注意:
在美国和加拿大,soccer 通常指“足球”。football 在北美常指“美式橄榄球”。 在英国等地,football 常指“足球”。
English | 中文 |
I like soccer. | 我喜欢足球。 |
He plays football in Canada. | 他在加拿大打橄榄球。 |
2. 问“你喜欢什么运动?”
谈运动时,可以这样问。
English | 中文 |
What sport do you like? | 你喜欢什么运动? |
What is your favorite sport? | 你最喜欢的运动是什么? |
Do you like playing basketball? | 你喜欢打篮球吗? |
Do you often exercise? | 你经常锻炼吗? |
What do you do to stay fit? | 你做什么来保持健康体能? |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
What sport do you like? | 你喜欢什么运动? |
My favorite sport is _____. | 我最喜欢的运动是_____。 |
Do you like + verb-ing? | 你喜欢做某事吗? |
What do you do to + verb? | 你做什么来……? |
例子:
English | 中文 |
What is your favorite sport? | 你最喜欢的运动是什么? |
My favorite sport is basketball. | 我最喜欢的运动是篮球。 |
Do you like swimming? | 你喜欢游泳吗? |
Yes, I do. It is relaxing. | 是的。我喜欢。它让人放松。 |
3. play / do / go:运动动词搭配
英语里,不同运动常用不同动词。
play + 球类 / 比赛类运动
English | 中文 |
play basketball | 打篮球 |
play soccer | 踢足球 |
play tennis | 打网球 |
play volleyball | 打排球 |
play badminton | 打羽毛球 |
play table tennis | 打乒乓球 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
I play basketball after school. | 我放学后打篮球。 |
She plays tennis on Sundays. | 她星期天打网球。 |
go + 动词 ing:去做某种运动
English | 中文 |
go running | 去跑步 |
go swimming | 去游泳 |
go cycling | 去骑车 |
go hiking | 去徒步 |
go skating | 去滑冰 |
go skiing | 去滑雪 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
I go running every morning. | 我每天早上跑步。 |
We go hiking on weekends. | 我们周末去徒步。 |
do + 健身类 / 训练类运动
English | 中文 |
do exercise | 锻炼 |
do yoga | 做瑜伽 |
do push-ups | 做俯卧撑 |
do sit-ups | 做仰卧起坐 |
do training | 做训练 |
do sports | 做运动 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
I do exercise three times a week. | 我每周锻炼三次。 |
He does push-ups every day. | 他每天做俯卧撑。 |
总结:
Verb | 常见搭配 | 例子 |
play | 球类 / 比赛类 | play basketball |
go | go + 动词 ing | go swimming |
do | 健身 / 训练类 | do yoga |
4. like + 动词 ing:喜欢做某事
表达喜欢某项运动,可以用:
like + verb-ing
English | 中文 |
I like playing basketball. | 我喜欢打篮球。 |
I like running. | 我喜欢跑步。 |
I like swimming. | 我喜欢游泳。 |
She likes doing yoga. | 她喜欢做瑜伽。 |
He likes playing soccer. | 他喜欢踢足球。 |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
I like + verb-ing. | 我喜欢做某事。 |
He / She likes + verb-ing. | 他 / 她喜欢做某事。 |
We enjoy + verb-ing. | 我们喜欢做某事。 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
I enjoy playing tennis. | 我喜欢打网球。 |
She enjoys swimming. | 她喜欢游泳。 |
We enjoy hiking together. | 我们喜欢一起徒步。 |
注意:
like / enjoy 后面接动词时,常用 -ing。
Wrong | Correct |
I like play basketball. | I like playing basketball. |
She enjoys swim. | She enjoys swimming. |
5. how often:多久一次
谈锻炼习惯时,常用 How often…?
English | 中文 |
How often do you exercise? | 你多久锻炼一次? |
How often do you go running? | 你多久跑步一次? |
How often do you play basketball? | 你多久打一次篮球? |
How often does she go swimming? | 她多久游泳一次? |
回答:
English | 中文 |
every day | 每天 |
once a week | 每周一次 |
twice a week | 每周两次 |
three times a week | 每周三次 |
on weekends | 在周末 |
sometimes | 有时候 |
often | 经常 |
never | 从不 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
I exercise every day. | 我每天锻炼。 |
I go running three times a week. | 我每周跑步三次。 |
She does yoga twice a week. | 她每周做两次瑜伽。 |
We play soccer on weekends. | 我们周末踢足球。 |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
once a week | 一周一次 |
twice a week | 一周两次 |
three times a week | 一周三次 |
every + time word | 每…… |
6. stay fit:保持健康强壮
fit 在这里不是“适合”,而是“健康、体能好”。
English | 中文 |
stay fit | 保持健康强壮 |
keep fit | 保持健康强壮 |
get stronger | 变得更强壮 |
build strength | 增强力量 |
improve fitness | 提高体能 |
healthy body | 健康的身体 |
healthy mind | 健康的头脑 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
We should stay fit. | 我们应该保持健康强壮。 |
Exercise helps us keep fit. | 锻炼帮助我们保持健康强壮。 |
Running helps me get stronger. | 跑步帮助我变得更强壮。 |
Fitness takes time and practice. | 健康体能需要时间和练习。 |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
stay / keep fit | 保持健康强壮 |
get + adjective | 变得…… |
help + person + verb | 帮助某人做某事 |
take time | 需要时间 |
7. 运动的好处
运动对身体和心情都有帮助。
English | 中文 |
Sports are good for our health. | 运动对我们的健康有好处。 |
Exercise makes us stronger. | 锻炼让我们更强壮。 |
Running helps our heart. | 跑步帮助我们的心脏。 |
Playing sports helps me relax. | 做运动帮助我放松。 |
Exercise can reduce stress. | 锻炼可以减少压力。 |
Sports teach teamwork. | 运动教会团队合作。 |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
be good for + noun | 对……有好处 |
make + person + adjective | 让某人变得…… |
help + person + verb | 帮助某人做某事 |
teach + noun | 教会…… |
例子:
English | 中文 |
Basketball teaches teamwork. | 篮球教会团队合作。 |
Swimming is good for the body. | 游泳对身体有好处。 |
Yoga helps me relax. | 瑜伽帮助我放松。 |
8. 运动中的安全
运动时要注意安全。
English | 中文 |
warm up | 热身 |
stretch | 拉伸 |
drink water | 喝水 |
wear proper shoes | 穿合适的鞋 |
be careful | 小心 |
rest | 休息 |
injury | 受伤 / 伤 |
hurt | 受伤 / 疼 |
safe | 安全的 |
safety | 安全 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
We should warm up before exercise. | 运动前我们应该热身。 |
We should stretch after running. | 跑步后我们应该拉伸。 |
Drink water when you exercise. | 运动时要喝水。 |
Wear proper shoes. | 穿合适的鞋。 |
If you feel pain, stop and rest. | 如果你感到疼痛,停下来休息。 |
结构:
English Structure | 中文意思 |
before + noun / verb-ing | 在……之前 |
after + noun / verb-ing | 在……之后 |
should + verb | 应该做某事 |
If + sentence, sentence. | 如果……,就……。 |
9. team sports and individual sports
运动可以分为团队运动和个人运动。
English | 中文 |
team sport | 团队运动 |
individual sport | 个人运动 |
teammate | 队友 |
coach | 教练 |
player | 运动员 / 玩家 |
match | 比赛 |
game | 比赛 / 游戏 |
win | 赢 |
lose | 输 |
practice | 练习 |
团队运动:
English | 中文 |
basketball | 篮球 |
soccer | 足球 |
volleyball | 排球 |
个人运动:
English | 中文 |
running | 跑步 |
swimming | 游泳 |
tennis | 网球 |
yoga | 瑜伽 |
例子:
English | 中文 |
Basketball is a team sport. | 篮球是一项团队运动。 |
Running can be an individual sport. | 跑步可以是一项个人运动。 |
A good teammate helps others. | 一个好队友会帮助别人。 |
A coach gives advice. | 教练给建议。 |
10. 制作一个健身计划
这一课可以做一个简单的健身计划。
English | 中文 |
Make a fitness plan. | 制作一个健身计划。 |
Choose one sport. | 选择一项运动。 |
Decide how often you exercise. | 决定你多久锻炼一次。 |
Warm up before exercise. | 运动前热身。 |
Drink enough water. | 喝足够的水。 |
Track your progress. | 记录你的进步。 |
健身计划模板:
English | 中文 |
Sport: running | 运动:跑步 |
Goal: stay fit | 目标:保持健康强壮 |
Time: every morning | 时间:每天早上 |
How often: five times a week | 频率:每周五次 |
Warm-up: stretch for five minutes | 热身:拉伸五分钟 |
Reminder: drink water | 提醒:喝水 |
小短文模板:
English | 中文 |
I want to stay fit. | 我想保持健康强壮。 |
I like running. | 我喜欢跑步。 |
I go running three times a week. | 我每周跑步三次。 |
Running helps me relax. | 跑步帮助我放松。 |
I always warm up before running. | 我跑步前总是热身。 |
I will not give up. | 我不会放弃。 |
重点结构
English Structure | 中文意思 |
Sports are good for our health. | 运动对我们的健康有好处。 |
I like playing basketball. | 我喜欢打篮球。 |
I go running every morning. | 我每天早上跑步。 |
She does exercise after school. | 她放学后锻炼。 |
How often do you exercise? | 你多久锻炼一次? |
I exercise three times a week. | 我每周锻炼三次。 |
My favorite sport is soccer. | 我最喜欢的运动是足球。 |
We should stay fit. | 我们应该保持健康强壮。 |
Playing sports helps me relax. | 做运动帮助我放松。 |
Don’t give up. | 不要放弃。 |
小对话
English | 中文 |
A: What is your favorite sport? | A:你最喜欢的运动是什么? |
B: My favorite sport is basketball. | B:我最喜欢的运动是篮球。 |
A: How often do you play basketball? | A:你多久打一次篮球? |
B: I play basketball twice a week. | B:我每周打两次篮球。 |
A: Why do you like it? | A:你为什么喜欢它? |
B: It helps me relax, and it teaches teamwork. | B:它帮助我放松,也教会团队合作。 |
A: Do you warm up before playing? | A:你打球前热身吗? |
B: Yes. Safety is important. | B:是的。安全很重要。 |
开口练习
请大声读下面的句子。
English | 中文 |
Sports are good for our health. | 运动对我们的健康有好处。 |
I like playing basketball. | 我喜欢打篮球。 |
I go running every morning. | 我每天早上跑步。 |
How often do you exercise? | 你多久锻炼一次? |
I exercise three times a week. | 我每周锻炼三次。 |
We should stay fit. | 我们应该保持健康强壮。 |
Playing sports helps me relax. | 做运动帮助我放松。 |
Fitness takes time and practice. | 健康体能需要时间和练习。 |
现在用你自己的情况练习:
English | 中文 |
My favorite sport is _____. | 我最喜欢的运动是_____。 |
I like _____ing. | 我喜欢做_____。 |
I play _____ every _____. | 我每_____打 / 玩_____。 |
I go _____ing _____. | 我_____去_____。 |
I exercise _____ times a week. | 我每周锻炼_____次。 |
Exercise helps me _____. | 锻炼帮助我_____。 |
I want to stay _____. | 我想保持_____。 |
本节小结
在这一节,你学会了如何用英语谈论运动、锻炼频率、体能、健康好处和运动安全。
你现在应该能说:
English | 中文 |
What is your favorite sport? | 你最喜欢的运动是什么? |
I like playing basketball. | 我喜欢打篮球。 |
How often do you exercise? | 你多久锻炼一次? |
I exercise three times a week. | 我每周锻炼三次。 |
Sports are good for our health. | 运动对我们的健康有好处。 |
We should warm up before exercise. | 运动前我们应该热身。 |
运动不是只属于赛场。
它也在清晨的一次跑步、课后的一场球、一次认真热身和一次没有放弃里。学会这些句子后,你就可以用英语谈论自己的运动习惯,也能更清楚地表达健康和体能目标。